Monkeypox has been known to spread in parts of Western and Central Africa for decades, but there are few clinical options to treat the illness specifically. The monkeypox virus is, however, closely related to smallpox, a now eradicated scourge, for which effective vaccines and treatments exist. The European Union’s medicines regulator has recommended expanding the label of a smallpox vaccine to include protection against monkeypox, paving the way for expanded access to the shot amid scarce supplies and escalating case numbers. Does the African Union have the capacity to produce its own vaccines against the virus ?

