For decades, scientists trying to understand the Martian surface have relied largely on models that treat the planet as if it were relatively flat. These models have helped explain how temperatures change through the day and across seasons, but they often miss something important: Mars is not flat.A team of researchers from Isro’s Physical Research Laboratory (PRL) has now developed a detailed 3D model of the Martian surface that can simulate how temperatures vary across real landscapes filled with craters, slopes, ridges and depressions. The work has been published in the journal Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society.Traditional models, including the widely used KRC thermal model, mainly calculate heat moving vertically through the soil. While these approaches successfully reproduce average day-night temperature changes, they cannot account for how neighbouring slopes may warm or cool differently depending on their orientation to the Sun. What do you think on the Indian new 3D model compared to its counterparts ?

