he rise in the atmosphere’s greenhouse-gas content and the associated warming of the climate continues in spite of them even when, as so often, they are hyped as the world’s last chance. Cops can produce action plans ,Since 1995 the countries bound by the un Framework Convention on Climate Change (unfccc) have missed only one conference of the parties when the pandemic struck in 2020. The unfccc and its cops, for all their flaws, play a crucial part in a process that is historic and vital: the removal of the fundamental limit on human flourishing imposed by dependence on fossil fuels. Why are there no serious measures to reduce greenhouse gases ?

