The funding is key, because sustaining the Ruhr has required lots of public money over a long period of time.A new push envisages the Ruhr as a testing ground for Germany’s ambitious plans to replace hydrocarbons with clean hydrogen.Last year its economy shrank by 0.3%, the worst result in the g7 group of rich countries. Deutsche Bank, the country’s biggest, reckons industrial output has sunk by 9% since 2018 and will fall another 2.5% this year. The talk in boardrooms is of creeping de-industrialisation as high domestic costs especially for energy push firms to relocate. Ruhr once home to Europe’s biggest coal mine, its biggest steel mill and munitions plants that supplied two world wars, the English-county-sized region has been hollowed out. Do you think that Germany has greatly been affected by Russia-Ukraine war thn any other country in Europe ?

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